The decisive question is not whether Iran will keep selling oil, but through whom – and the answer defines what its relationship with China consists of. Under any settlement currently conceivable, the Islamic Republic is likely to retain a dual export architecture. What is contested in Tehran is the seller. The customer, for as long as sanctions endure, is not.
[IT] Nel giugno 2026 la Commissione europea ha presentato al Consiglio europeo le proprie proposte relative all’Accordo di Partenariato Economico Globale (CEPA) con l’Indonesia, in vista della sua approvazione definitiva.
In a context characterised by the need to reduce economic dependence on China by diversifying trading partners, and to reassure the neighbours of this formidable Asian neighbour, the new social construct of the Indo-Pacific was gradually but firmly embraced and adopted by the region’s most significant players.
This approach has become visible in the evolution of Egypt-China relations, elevating what was once a largely transactional relationship into a broader political, economic and technological partnership. Nevertheless, the current and widely praised diplomatic equilibrium is not without risks as Egypt ventures deeper into a highly securitized domain fiercely contested by global powers.
Chinese experts broadly interpreted the Mecca Agreement as both a consequence of the collapse of the old regional order and an early attempt by Middle Eastern states to develop greater strategic autonomy.
